doi: 10.18503/2658-3186-2024-8-3-35-43
Abstract. The republic's defence industrial sector began to grow during the wartime on the basis of evacuated enterprises. There was no production of ammunition in the Republic before the war. The country's defence factories manufactured mine-neutral weapons, torpedoes, artillery shells, mines, aerial bombs, gunpowder, field radios, X-ray equipment and insulation materials. Although the evacuated enterprises faced difficulties, they were rapidly restored to new locations and began to produce goods. The paper studies the changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of employees of the USSR defence enterprises during the war years on the case of the Kazakh SSR. Main quantitative and qualitative shifts, specifics of labour collective formation with regard to gender, national and migration factors are shown. The study of labour resources manning problem in defence enterprises allows to reconstruct the peculiarities of the mobilisation policy of the state, sources of replenishment of workers, who under incredibly difficult conditions made their significant contribution to the increase of the USSR defence capability.
Keywords: war, USSR, defense enterprises, workers, women, Kazakhstan
Funding: this research was undertaken as part of a research project funded by Grant AP23490680 from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MSHE of the RK).
Information about the author:
Abdiraiymova A. S. – Professor, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of «Social and Humanitarian Disciplines», ALT University.
References
1. Voznesenskii N. Voennaia ekonomika SSSR v period Otechestvennoi voiny [The war economy of the USSR during the Patriotic War], Moscow, 1948, 192 p.
2. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 708, aids 7, vol. 1, fol. 1746 a, pp. 1–94.
3. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 708, aids 8, fol. 1754, pp. 1–3.
4. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. coll. 708, aids 7, fol. 147, p. 40.
5. Kozybaev, M. K. (1991). Istoriia i sovremennost [History and Modernity]. Alma-Ata, 1991. 254 p.
6. Potemkina M.N., & Zharkynbaeva R.S. Proizvodstvennaia povsednevnost voennogo vremeni (1941–1945 gg.) v otrazhenii sovremennoi zarubezhnoi i rossiiskoi istoriografii [Production everyday life in wartime (1941–1945) in the reflection of modern foreign and Russian historiography], Vestnik Kazakhskogo natsionalnogo universiteta = KazNU Journal, 2021, no. 2(101), pp. 91–98. (In Russ.).
7. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 708, aids 7, vol. 1, fol. 998, pp. 7–9.
8. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 1110, aids 1, fol. 4a, pp. 14–20.
9. GATO [The state archive of Turkestan region], coll. 207, aids 3, fol. 365, pp. 1–84.
10. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 708, aids 5, vol. 1, fol. 844, p. 79.
11. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 708, aids 6. vol. 1, fol. 612, pp. 1-47.
12. GAOPITO [The state archive of socio-political history of Turkestan region], coll. 234, aids 1, fol. 224, p. 24.
13. GAOPITO [State archive of socio-political stories of Turkestan region], coll. 234, aids 1, fol. 224, pp. 151, 152.
14. GA of Astana [The State Archive of Astana], coll. 89, aids 4, fol. 5. p. 56.
15. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 1856, aids 1, fol. 15, pp. 19–45.
16. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 708, aids 7, vol. 1, fol. 1747б pp. 51, 52.
17. TsGA RK [The central state archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 1430s, aids 3, fol. 65, pp. 8–24.
18. TsGA RK [The central state archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 1430s, aids 3, fol. 65, p. 3.
19. Kozybaev, M.K., & Edygenov, N.E. Trud vo imia Pobedy [Labor for Victory], Almaty, Kazakhstan, 1995. 176 p.
20. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 708, aids 8, fol. 1734, pp. 101.
21. AP RK [Аrchive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan], coll. 1856, aids 1, fol. 3. pp. 16–18.
22. GAOPITO [The state archive of socio-political history of Turkestan region], coll. 234, aids 1, fol. 255, pp. 84, 85.
For citation: Abdiraiymova A. S. Changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of employees of defense enterprises in Kazakhstan during the war years (1941–1945), Gumanitarno-pedagogicheskie issledovaniya = Humanitarian and pedagogical Research, 2024, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 35–43. doi:10.18503/2658-3186-2024-8-3-35-43.